BGS 213, Spring growth habit 3, Sgh3

Spring habit of growth 3 = Sh3 (3).

Monofactorial dominant (3).
Located in chromosome 1HL (2, 4); Sgh3.c is over 35.8 cM proximal from the Blp1 (Black lemma and pericarp 1) locus (1, 2).

Cultivars with the Sgh3.c allele exhibit a highly spring habit (grade I) and plants form ear primordia under long-day conditions without prior cold treatment (2, 3). When near-isogenic lines for growth habit are grown at Kurashiki, Japan, the Sgh3.c allele has major influence on maturity and phenotype in the absence or presence of other spring habit of growth genes. Plants are 10 days or more earlier, tillers per plant are 30% less or more, kernel number is reduced by about 20%, and spike length is reduced (5). Spring cultivars having only the Sgh3.c gene have never been found. Spring cultivars with the Sgh2.I Sgh3.c genotype occur most frequently in North Pakistan, North India, Tibet, Ethiopia, and Northern Europe (6). The Sgh3.c allele is always accompanied by the Sgh2.I or the sgh1.a and Sgh2.I genes in cultivars (1, 2).

Natural occurrence in many cultivars (2, 6).

Sgh3.c occurs in many spring cultivars distributed mostly in regions of extremely high latitude or high altitude (2).

Sgh3.c in a selection from the cross Tammi X Hayakiso 2 (GSHO 764), which has the winter habit alleles at the sgh1 and Sgh2 loci (2).

1. Takahashi, R., and S. Yasuda. 1956. Genetic studies of spring and winter habit of growth habit in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 10:245-308.
2. Takahashi, R., and S. Yasuda. 1971. Genetics of earliness and growth habit in barley. p. 388-408. In R.A. Nilan (ed.) Barley Genetics II. Proc. Second Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Pullman, WA, 1969. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.
3. Takahashi, R., S. Yasuda, J. Hayashi, and I. Shiojiri. 1954. [Physiology and genetics of ear emergence in wheat and barley. III. Genetic studies on the spring habit of growth with various barley varieties.] Nogaku Kenkyu 41:87-96. [In Japanese.]
4. Yasuda, S. 1969. Linkage and pleiotropic effects on agronomic characters of the genes for spring growth habit. Barley Newsl. 12:57-58.
5. Yasuda, S. 1981. Comparison of yield and some yield components among strains with different genetic combinations of spring genes in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 11:38-40.
6. Yasuda, S., J. Hayashi, and I. Moriya. 1986. Genotype differentiation in spring growth habit of barley strains collected from northern parts of Pakistan and India. Barley Genet. Newsl. 16:18-19.

S. Yasuda. 1972. Barley Genet. Newsl. 2:191.

J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:212.