International Database for Barley Genes and Barley Genetic Stocks
BGS 152, Hooded lemma 1, Kap1
Stock number: BGS 152
Locus name: Hooded lemma 1
Locus symbol: Kap1
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Hooded lemma= K (9).
Hooded lemma = A (10).
Hooded = C1 (3).
Hooded lemma = A (10).
Hooded = C1 (3).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial dominant (1, 3, 8).
Located in chromosome 4HS (1); Kap1.a is about 25.1 cM proximal from the glf3 (glossy leaf 3) locus (6).
Located in chromosome 4HS (1); Kap1.a is about 25.1 cM proximal from the glf3 (glossy leaf 3) locus (6).
Description:
The hooded ("Kapuze") trait is characterized by an appendage to the lemma, which develops as a trifurcate structure consisting of a deformed floret at its center with two triangular leaf-like projections called lemma wings. The supernumerary floret often contains stamens with fertile pollen grains and occasionally bears a kernel within it (5, 6, 11). The ectopic expression of the Kap1.a allele forms the extra floret and is associated with the presence of a 305-base pair duplication in intron 4 of the Knox3 sequence (4).
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Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in many cultivars (5, 7); probably one spontaneous event early during the domestication of barley (4).
Mutational events:
Kap1.a in an unknown cultivar (4, 7); Kap1.e (Ke, elevated hooded) a mutant of the Kap1.a allele in an unknown cultivar, Chengchou 5) (4, 7).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Kap1.a in Colsess (GSHO 985); Kap1.a from Strip Tease (CIho 6837) in Betzes (PI 129430)*7 (PI 533600, Haybet), Kap1.a from CIho 2220 in Compana (PI 537442)*7 (PI 534506) (2); Kap1.a from R.I. Wolfe's Multiple Dominant Marker Stock in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 2007, BW431, NGB 20663).
References:
1. Buckley, G.F.H. 1930. Inheritance in barley with special reference to the color of caryopsis and lemma. Sci. Agric. 10:460-492.
2. Hockett, E.A., and H.F. Bowman. 1990. Registration of hooded barley isogenic lines. Crop Sci. 30:754-755.
3. Miyake, K., and Y. Imai. 1922. [Genetic studies in barley. 1.] Bot. Mag., Tokyo 36:25-38. [In Japanese.]
4. Müller, K.J., N. Romano, O. Gerstner, F. Gracia-Maroto, C. Pozzi, F. Salamini, and W. Rohde. 1995. The barley Hooded mutation caused by a duplication in a homeobox gene intron. Nature 374:727-730.
5. Stebbins, G.L., and E. Yagil. 1966. The morphogenetic effects of the hooded gene in barley. I. The course of development in hooded and awned genotypes. Genetics 54:727-741.
6. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, and C. Hirao. 1967. Linkage studies. Barley Newsl. 5:41-42.
7. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda, and Y. Itano. 1953. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.
8. Tschermak, E. von. 1901. Über Züchtung neuer Getreiderassen mittelst künstlicher Kreuzung. Kritisch-historische Betrachtungen. Zeitschrift für das landwirtschaftliche Versuchswesen Oesterreich 4:1029-1060.
9. Ubisch, G. von. 1919. Beitrag zu einer Faktorenanalyse von Gerste. II. Z. Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 20:65-117.
10. Ubisch, G. von. 1921. Beitrag zu einer Faktorenanalyse von Gerste. III. Z. Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 25:198-200.
11. Yagil, E., and G.L. Stebbins. 1969. The morphogenetic effects of the hooded gene in barley. II. Cytological and environmental factors affecting gene expression. Genetics 62:307-319.
2. Hockett, E.A., and H.F. Bowman. 1990. Registration of hooded barley isogenic lines. Crop Sci. 30:754-755.
3. Miyake, K., and Y. Imai. 1922. [Genetic studies in barley. 1.] Bot. Mag., Tokyo 36:25-38. [In Japanese.]
4. Müller, K.J., N. Romano, O. Gerstner, F. Gracia-Maroto, C. Pozzi, F. Salamini, and W. Rohde. 1995. The barley Hooded mutation caused by a duplication in a homeobox gene intron. Nature 374:727-730.
5. Stebbins, G.L., and E. Yagil. 1966. The morphogenetic effects of the hooded gene in barley. I. The course of development in hooded and awned genotypes. Genetics 54:727-741.
6. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, and C. Hirao. 1967. Linkage studies. Barley Newsl. 5:41-42.
7. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda, and Y. Itano. 1953. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.
8. Tschermak, E. von. 1901. Über Züchtung neuer Getreiderassen mittelst künstlicher Kreuzung. Kritisch-historische Betrachtungen. Zeitschrift für das landwirtschaftliche Versuchswesen Oesterreich 4:1029-1060.
9. Ubisch, G. von. 1919. Beitrag zu einer Faktorenanalyse von Gerste. II. Z. Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 20:65-117.
10. Ubisch, G. von. 1921. Beitrag zu einer Faktorenanalyse von Gerste. III. Z. Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 25:198-200.
11. Yagil, E., and G.L. Stebbins. 1969. The morphogenetic effects of the hooded gene in barley. II. Cytological and environmental factors affecting gene expression. Genetics 62:307-319.
Prepared:
T.E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:138.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:179-180.
